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Quintus Sextius
Quintus Sextius the Elder (; (ラテン語:Quinti Sextii Patris); fl. c. 50 BC) was a Roman philosopher, whose philosophy combined Pythagoreanism with Stoicism. His praises were frequently celebrated by Seneca.〔Seneca, ''Epistles'', , , , , ; ''De Ira'', ii. 36, iii. 36.〕
==Life==
Sextius was born no later than 70 BC.〔(The Philosophical Thought of the School of the Sextii by Omar Di Paola )〕 He founded a school of philosophy combining some features of the Pythagoreans with others of the Stoics; and which was consequently classed sometimes with one, and sometimes with the other of those sects. Seneca describes Sextius as a Stoic but mentions that Sextius himself denied it.〔Seneca, ''Epistles'', lxiv, 2.〕 From the ''Epistles of Seneca'' we learn that Sextius, though born of an illustrious family, had declined the office of Senator when offered him by Julius Caesar.〔Seneca, ''Epistles'', xcviii. 13.〕 He also subjected himself to a scrupulous self-examination at the close of each day;〔Seneca, ''De Ira'', iii. 36.〕 and he abstained from animal food, though for different reasons than those ascribed to Pythagoras:
Sextius believed that man had enough sustenance without resorting to blood, and that a habit of cruelty is formed whenever butchery is practised for pleasure.〔Seneca, ''Epistles'', cviii. 18.〕
Sextius' son succeeded him as head of his school. He may be identical with the writer on pharmacology, Sextius Niger.〔Lana (1953), 8-9.〕 A ''Xystus Pythagoricus philosophus'' is recorded in Jerome's version of the ''Chronicon'' of Eusebius. He is also mentioned by Plutarch,〔Plutarch, ''De Profect. Virtut. Sentent. Opp.'' vol. vi.〕 and by the elder Pliny.〔Pliny, ''Naturalis Historia'', xviii. 68, alibi.〕 Seneca writes (c. 65 AD) that the school was extinct.〔Seneca, ''Naturales Quaestiones'', vii. 32〕
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